Peru

Statut ITIE Progrès significatifs

Joined EITI in 2007

Dernières données de 2016

Site Internet EITI Peru

Last updated 14 February 2019

Overview

During 2015 and 2016 the extractive industries contribution to the national economy continues to be significant, accounting for between 12% and 13% of GDP. Rapid expansion of the oil, gas and mining sectors in Peru has yielded almost 50 billion USD in government revenues within 13 years, between 2004 and 2016. According to the 2015-2016 EITI Report, Peru is the second largest producer of copper in the world and this production has more than doubled in the past two years. This has helped the government achieve important improvements in social and development indicators and enhanced economic growth and stability. Poverty levels were reduced from 42.4% in 2007 to 20.7% in 2016. For more economic and social indicators, see World Bank's data on Peru.

However, the negative impacts of the extractive industries are a major challenge. The report discloses the number of social conflicts in 2015 (1,385) and 2016 (1,383) and reveals that more than 80% of total environmental/social conflicts were related to the mining sector. The report provides a link (Social Conflicts) to reports by the Ombudsman Office, including further details of active and social conflicts.

In this context, Peru is using the EITI process to address key community concerns. For the first time, the 2015-2016 EITI Report provides extensive reporting on social and environmental issues. EITI Perú also has ambitious plans to provide more detail on the distribution and use of extractive industry revenues by regional and local authorities. For this purpose, the EITI process was recently established in the regions of Loreto and Apurímac. Along with Moquegua, Piura and Arequipa, there are now five regions implementing an EITI process, with the goal to improve transparency and accountability in the use of the revenues flowing from the mining activity to the regions, municipalities and universities. EITI Peru is now exploring and proposing a deeper analysis of revenue management related to selected investment projects within the regions. This represents a key opportunity to build trust and dialogue in conflict-prone settings.

10 years of EITI reporting in Peru

Access Peru's 2015-2016 EITI Report

Piura (Peru) Sub-national EITI Report 2012-2013

Moquegua (Peru) Sub-national EITI Report 2012-2013

Arequipa (Peru) established a MSG in 2017

Tax and legal framework

The four main taxes and fees imposed on companies operating in the extractive sector, all of them paid to the central government, include corporate income tax, royalties, special mining tax (IEM for its Spanish acronym) and special mining burden (GEM for its Spanish acronym). The National Superintendence of Customs and Tax Administrations (SUNAT) is the main body responsible for collecting, and managing these four revenue streams. Other taxes/fees are collected by the hydrocarbons regulator PeruPetro and the cadastre office (Ingemmet). Hydrocarbons contracts are disclosed by PeruPetro. Awarded concessions are routinely published by Ingemmet.

In 2001, Peru established a law called “canon minero”, whereby 50% of corporate income tax collected from mining projects is to be distributed to the regions and municipalities hosting the project. This represented more than USD 550 million in 2017. Regional and local authorities must allocate these resources to finance public investment projects providing universal access to public services and generating benefits for the community.

Natural resources

Peru has rich deposits of copper, gold, silver, lead, zinc, natural gas and petroleum. Abundant mineral resources are found mainly in the mountainous areas. It is considered one of the top ten richest mineral countries in the world. The following chart shows reserves as of 2016:

Commodity	Reserves (proven and probable)	Unit
Oil	402,324	Thousand Million barrels
Liquified Natural Gas	240,518	Thousand Million barrels
Gold	2,400	Thousand metric tons
Copper	81,000	Thousand metric tons
Silver	120	Metric tons
Iron *	1,403,189	Thousand metric tons
Molybdenum	450	Thousand metric tons
Lead	6,300	Thousand metric tons
Zinc	25,000	Thousand metric tons

*Data from 2015

Source: 2015-2016 EITI Report

Ministry of Energy Statistics Bulletin for 2018

Receiving government entities

Innovations

The EITI encourages multi-stakeholder groups to explore innovative approaches to make the EITI more relevant and useful. See below the highlights as of 2018, which are further described in the Overview above:

The 2015-2016 EITI Report included, for first time, social an environmental aspects.
The last report included a description of roles and general information on State-owned enterprises acting in the oil and gas sector.
In 2018, the region of Apurimac established a new EITI process.
With four regions already implementing the EITI, the national multi-stakeholder group is now exploring and proposing a deeper analysis of revenue management related to selected investment projects within the regions.

Implementation

Peru was found to have achieved meaningful progress in implementing the EITI Standard. View more information under the Validation section of this page or go to the Board's decision in full. Previously, the country was compliant under the 2011 Rules.

Peru has produced a roadmap for the disclosure of the beneficial owners as per EITI Requirement 2.5 ahead of the deadline of 31st December 2016. Peru published its 2015-2016 EITI Report in February 2018.

EITI Peru hosted the 7th EITI Global Conference in February 2016.

Governance

On 12 May 2006, the Government of Peru published an Executive Decree that created an EITI Working Group which represents the entire stakeholder’s constituency, and provides a legal basis to the implementation of EITI. The mandate of this working group was renewed by Presidential Decree 5 September 2008. In 2011, the EITI working group was given permanent status by Decree No.28-2011-EM of 11 June.

The EITI National Committee (called Comision Multisectorial Permanente del EITI, in Spanish) is chaired by EITI Champion Luis Miguel Incháustegui Zeballos, Vice-Minister of Mines from the Ministry of Energy and Mines and integrated by:

Technical Secretariat: Fernando Trigoso - Ministry of Energy and Mines
Government: Hugo Oropeza - Ministry of Finance DG Social Management
Civil Society - Universities: Ana Sabogal - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Civil Society - NGOs: Epifanio Baca - Grupo Propuesta Ciudadana; and Vanessa Cueto - Derecho, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (DAR)
Industry - Association: Carmen Mendoza and Julio Luján - Sociedad Nacional de Mineria, Petroleo y Energia
Industry - Companies: Carlos Aranda - Southern Peru Copper Co.; Eduardo Rubio - Anglo American; and Jorge Luis Mercado - Repsol

Timeline

Validation

Peru was found to have made meaningful progress in meeting the EITI Standard on 11 January 2017. The second Validation commenced on 11 Jully 2018 and is undergoing. The MSG already sent its comments to a draft assessment from the International Secretariat, in January 2019.

Following the first Validation, Peru's progress by requirement can be found in the scorecard below.

Board decision in full

News item on the Validation result

Country statuses explained

Documentation: Validation Report and initial assessment

Peru's progress by requirement

EITI Reports and other key documents

Informe Anual de Progreso 2017

Published Date:

July, 2018

Publisher:

Peru EITI

Peru 2015 - 2016 EITI Report

Published Date:

February, 2018

Publisher:

Peru EITI

This EITI Report covers Peru's extractive sector in 2015 and 2016. It was published in 2018.

2016 EITI Peru Annual Progress Report

Published Date:

July, 2017

Publisher:

Peru EITI

This is Peru's 2016 Annual Progress Report in accordance to requirement 7.4 and 8.4.

Validation Peru 2016 - documentation

Published Date:

January, 2017

Publisher:

EITI

Peru's Validation commenced on 1 July 2016. On January 11 2017, the EITI Board found that Peru has made meaningful progress in implementing the 2016 EITI Standard.

The following documentation laid the basis for the Board's decision, attached below:

Initial data collection by the International Secretariat [English] and [Spanish]MSG Comments on the initial data collection and stakeholder consultation [

Peru 2014 EITI Report

Published Date:

June, 2016

Publisher:

Peru EITI

This EITI Report covers Peru's extractive sector in 2014. It was published in 2016.

Peru beneficial ownership roadmap

Published Date:

January, 2017

Publisher:

Peru EITI

Attached below is Peru's roadmap on how it intends to disclose the beneficial owners of the companies active in the extractives sector (requirement 2.5

More information on beneficial ownership can be found at eiti.org/beneficial-ownership

Peru Work Plan 2016-2018

Published Date:

May, 2016

Publisher:

Peru EITI

This is Peru's work plan, which was submitted by the EITI Peru national secretariat. The work plan includes the objectives and priorities for EITI implementation and associated activities.

The EITI Standard Requirement 1.5 e) requires countries to make it available to the public.