Kazakhstan 2019 EITI Report
This EITI Report covers Kazakhstan's extractive sector in 2019. The report is available in Russian.
Kazakhstan’s extractive sector plays an important role in the country’s development. The oil and gas sector contributed 18.6% to GDP in 2017.
Oil, gas, coal and metal ore are the main industries in Kazakhstan’s extractive sector. The country has the largest recoverable crude oil reserves in Central Asia and its current oil production is approximately 1.8 million barrels a day. According to the 2017 EITI Report, Kazakhstan produced a record volume of 86.2 million tonnes of oil since 1991.
Having rich energy resources, Kazakhstan has developed trade relations all over the world. Its largest commodity importers are Russia, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, China, Poland and Switzerland.
The Code on Subsoil and Subsoil Use, approved December 2017, introduces a simplified process for license allocation. It provides extractive companies with fairer bidding opportunities, including through online services, and more flexible technical and financial criteria. Additionally, the Code addresses the issue of hidden ownership by introducing a concept of control over a company, allowing the government and business partners to know who they work with.
Licenses are granted through an e-licensing web portal. The Ministry of Energy administers contracts for subsoil use in terms of hydrocarbons, coal and uranium. The Ministry of Investment and Development approves projects related to the development of mineral deposits.
An interactive license cadastre map, hosted by the Committee of Geology and Subsoil, includes information on license holders, types, coordinates, and commodities being produced. License requests are published on the Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development website.
The Government of Kazakhstan implements the Code on Subsoil and Subsoil Use which was appoved in December 2017 and includes rules that reinforce the requirement for subsoil users to provide a report on the composition of persons and (or) organizations that directly or indirectly control the subsoil use.
In June 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development disclosed for the first time beneficial ownership data on its website. The data include names of beneficial owners and their level of ownership. However, the data only covers new licenses and is not yet available in open data format.
It is fascinating to see how the EITI reporting affected change in bringing more responsible management of the extractive sector in Kazakhstan beyond mere compliance to the requirements of the Standard.
Kazakhstan is a leading producer of oil in Central Asia. It is also a major producer of gas, gold, coal, iron, uranium, manganese, bauxite and chromite.
Ongoing production is concentrated in 15 regions: Tengiz, Kashagan, Karachaganak, Uzen, Zhetybai, Zhanazhol, Kalamkas, Kenkiyak, Karazhanbas, Kumkol, North Buzachi, Alibekmola, Central and Eastern Prorva, Kenbai, Korolevskoye.
Commodity | Reserves | Unit | Significance |
---|---|---|---|
Oil | 3,9 | billion tons | Kazakhstan has 1.8% of the world’s oil reserves. |
Gas | 1,5 | trillion Sm3 | Kazakhstan has 0.8% of the world’s gas reserves. |
Coal | 33,6 | billion tons | Kazakhstan has 3.8% of the world’s coal reserves |
Gold | 213,50 | tons | |
Uranium | 1,7 | million tons | Kazakhstan is second in the world in terms of volumes of prospective reserves. |
Iron | 19 | thousand metric tons | |
Manganese | 700 | thousand | |
Bauxite | 345 | thousand metric tons | |
Chromite | 366 | thousand metric tons |
Initializing chart.
Initializing chart.
The 2017 EITI Report reveals that Kazakhstan received a revenue of USD 19 billion from the extractive industry in 2017. More than half (52.4%) of these revenues came from hydrocarbons, and the remaining revenues were derived from mining, with iron, copper and gold as the major commodities. Of these revenues, 23% were allocated to the National Fund (it accumulates part of the revenues generated by the extractive sector of the economy with favorable pricing conditions, so that, on the one hand, they can be saved for future generations, and on the other, to maintain the necessary level of government spending, primarily social, in the event of a fall in oil prices). Revenues were mainly collected through direct taxes from oil sector organisations such as corporate income tax, excess profit tax, bonuses etc.
Initializing chart.
Taxes from companies in the oil and gas sector, defined by the list approved annually by the Ministry of Finance of Kazakhstan and the Ministry of Economy of Kazakhstan, are sent to the National Fund of Kazakhstan for taxes and payments defined by law. The exception is the export customs duty (ETP) for crude oil, which is sent to the republican budget. Other taxes and payments, as well as taxes from other companies of the mining sector, go to the republican budget and local budgets and are not allocated from taxes received from other sectors of the economy.
Revenue and expenditure reports are regularly published by the Ministry of Finance in the Statistical Bulletin.
The EITI multi-stakeholder group is working on transitions towards systematic disclosure to explore innovative approaches to make the EITI more relevant and useful. So far, this transition has resulted in:
In addition, oil, gas and mining companies began disclosing beneficial ownership information in 2019.
EITI implementation in Kazakhstan is led by the National Stakeholders Council (NSC). The NSC is chaired by the Minister Investments and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The NSC, together with the Ministry of Energy, has taken the lead in mainstreaming EITI reporting by requesting that companies file their EITI Reports as part of other mandatory reporting for subsoil license holders, using an existing (EGSU) online platform.
The second Validation of Kazakhstan commenced on 13 August 2019. On 14 April 2020, the Board agreed that Kazakhstan has made meaningful progress in implementing the 2016 EITI Standard, with considerable improvements.
The Board has determined that Kazakhstan will have 18 months before a third Validation, i.e. until 14 October 2021, to carry out corrective actions regarding MSG oversight (Requirement 1.4), license allocations (Requirement 2.2), state participation (Requirement 2.6), production data (Requirement 3.2), barter arrangements (Requirement 4.3), transport revenues (Requirement 4.4), social expenditures (Requirement 6.1) and quasi-fiscal expenditures (Requirement 6.2).
View more information below or go to the Board's decision in full.
Scorecards show the outcomes of Validation. Arrows of progress indicate where the International Secretariat has re-assessed a requirement following a corrective action in a second or third Validation.
The reports demonstrate the extent to which our country’s budget is dependent on the extractives sector. The prudent use of these revenues, particularly with the most recent substantial decline in oil prices globally, is crucial for Kazakhstan’s development.
This EITI Report covers Kazakhstan's extractive sector in 2019. The report is available in Russian.
This EITI Report covers Kazakhstan's extractive sector in 2018. The report is available in Russian.
On 14 April 2020, Kazakhstan was found to have made meaningful progress overall in implementing the 2016 EITI Standard, with considerable improvements across several individual requirements.
Timeline of Validation and related materials13 August 2019: Validation commencedNovember 2019: Stakeholder consultationsSecretariat assessment & comments6 December 2019 - Draft Secretariat assessment [English Russian]16 January 2020 - Comments from the MSG [
The Annual Progress Report provides an overview of all EITI Kazakhstan's activities in 2018. The report is available in English, Kazakh and Russian.
This EITI Report covers Kazakhstan's extractive sector in 2017. It was published in November 2018.
The Annual Progress Report provides an overview of all EITI Kazakhstan's activities during 2017. The report is available in English and Russian.
This is the Kazakshtan EITI 2018-2019 work plan (in accordance with Requirement 1,5).
On 13 February 2018, Kazakhstan was found to have made meaningful progress in implementing the 2016 EITI Standard. See Board decision 2018-13/BM-39
Timeline of Validation and related materials
Initial data collection and stakeholder consultations
02.10.17 - Report on Initial data collection and stakeholder consultation [English Russian
Mainstreaming EITI: Pilot Study in Kazakhstan
This report has been compiled by EY company which was selected to act as the consultant with regards to the pilot study (feasibility study) on mainstreaming EITI in Kazakhstan. The study comprised the following objectives:
consideration of the current situation regarding disclosure of data by extractive industries as required by the EITI Standard (see Section 5), identification of data from extractive industries that was made publicly available through information systems, government registries and cadasters,
This EITI Report covers Kazakhstan's extractive sector in 2016. It was published in October 2017.